(You can press Windows+I to open the Settings application quickly.)
To find this option, head to Settings > Ease of Access > Cursor & Pointer. It was always possible to customize the mouse cursor theme, but now you can do so without installing custom pointer themes. This feature was added to Windows in the May 2019 Update. Want a black mouse cursor instead? You can choose that! Want a huge red cursor that’s easier to see? You can choose that, too! Windows 10 now lets you increase the mouse cursor’s size and change its color.